UHP Graphite Electrode for Steel Smelting

Ultra-high-power graphite electrodes (EHSP-UHP) are manufactured for operation at currents with a density of more than 25A / cm2, and the graphite electrode UHP is mainly used for for ultra-high-power arc furnaces and powerful ladle furnaces.

The ore electric furnace is mainly used for the production of industrial silicon and yellow phosphorus. It features in that the lower part of the conductive electrode is buried in the charge, electric arcs are generated in material layer, and the heat released in the charge is used for the smelting. Mine electric furnaces which require high electric current density need to use graphite electrodes. For example, about 100 kg of graphite electrode is consumed for every t of silicon yield, and about 40 kg of graphite electrode is consumed for each t of yellow phosphorus production.

UHP graphite electrode diameter and allowable deviation

UHP graphite electrode current load

Production process

Which factors related for the consumption and breakage of graphite electrode use in EAF ?

When the process and operating conditions of the smelting electric arc furnace do not change much in a certain period, the consumption level of graphite electrodes is basically balanced. As the furnace age increases or the process changes, it is normal for the consumption of the electrode to fluctuate. The quality of any product has volatility, but the magnitude of the fluctuation reflects the manufacturer’s technical equipment level and comprehensive management level.

More analysis of arc furnace carbon graphite electrode

Arc furnace carbon graphite electrode occasional breakage in electric arc furnace smelting is normal and unavoidable, while the electrode of large-scale DC, AC and LF furnaces are regarded as accidents. Dealing with broken electrode residues is the most difficult task in working, and the result must be excessive consumption, prolonged smelting cycle, reduces output, and increased cost. Advanced large-scale LF furnace basically does not allow electrode breakage.

There are two spots to need notice, according to the research the cause of why the electrode will break.

Smelting process

Proportion of raw materials, avoid large lumps and non-conductive materials under the electrode;

When the phenomenon of “bridging” occurs, it should use long arc operation to avoid large collapse impact;

The electrode life and the small furnace cover must be concentric to avoid scratching and breaking during thermal shock.

Power transmission system

Determine the initial arc starting gear and raise the position in sequence (each furnace has more than 3 powder transmission curves), to avoid excessive current fluctuations and frequent changes in the furnace long and short arcs, resulting in excessive thermal shock

As the furnace temperature rises, a certain internal stress must be released at the electrode connection. After the arc starts, the current forest through the electrode unit area has a gradual increase process, which is the process of adapting the electrode to furnace conditions.

Overload operation, the overload capacity of the new electric furnace is generally not more than 20%. If the arcing current exceeds the rated value, the joint will be easily broken. When the electrode is adapted to the furnace conditions, it will operate normally even if it is overloaded, but the connection will be red.

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